Summary
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While the current electrical grid is a modern marvel, the smart grid of the future will include significant electrical storage as part of the solution to increase the grids efficiency, enhance reliability, and help reduce the environmental impact of supplying the electrical power needs of modern society. As a result, NanoMarkets believes chemical batteries, ultra-capacitors, and the materials from which they are built represent an exciting business opportunity that is poised to take off in the near future. This report is designed to quantify that opportunity and identify the best strategies to capitalize on it.
By 2016 there will be 33 GW of generating capacity on the grid from solar panels and wind farms that can swing wildly in their ability to generate electrical power at any given time. Electrical storage will be a requirement to level the load when the sun doesn't shine or the wind doesn't blow in a predictable manner. In addition to load leveling, grid storage will allow peak shaving where stored electricity from non peak demand periods can be used during peak load times. Peak shaving can reduce the need for new power plants and reduce the grids overall carbon footprint.
Chemical batteries and ultra-capacitors represent complimentary pieces of the smart grid storage equation with ultra-capacitors used for smoothing short term disruptions in power quality and batteries storing current for longer term load leveling and peak shaving applications. While other technologies such as hydro and compressed air storage will certainly be integral parts to the overall storage solution, batteries and ultra-capacitor storage represent a large attractive near term materials growth sector.
This new market study of materials for chemical batteries and ultra-capacitors for smart grid applications surveys and analyzes the markets for the various battery and ultra-capacitor types currently in use and about to enter service in smart grid applications as well as R&D developments, including those related to systems. As with all NanoMarkets reports, this report includes a detailed eight year forecast of materials for smart grid storage applications and an in-depth discussion of key firms active in the area.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
E.1 Introduction: Smart-Grid Storage and Materials Opportunities
E.1.1 Overview of Smart Grid and Role of Energy Storage
E.1.2 Current Energy Storage Options
E.2 Opportunities for Materials Producers
E.3 Key Firms to Watch in the Smart-Grid Energy Storage Landscape
E.3.1 Lead Acid-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.2 Lead Carbon-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.3 Sodium Sulfur-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.4 Flow Battery Based Energy Storage Companies
E.3.5 Supercapacitor-Based Energy Storage Companies
E.4 Summary of Forecasts
Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background to This Report
1.1.1 Quick Tour of Opportunities in Smart Grid Storage
1.1.2 Near-Term Applications for Chemical Storage on the Smart Grid
1.1.3 Future Advantages of Chemical Storage on the Smart Grid
1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report
1.3 Methodology of this Report
1.4 Plan of this Report
Chapter Two: Materials and Technology for Smart-Grid Storage
2.1 Introduction: Crucial Need for Advanced Storage Solutions
2.1.1 Overview of the Smart Grid
2.1.2 Why We Need Smart-Grid Storage
2.1.3 Smart-Grid Storage Options: Batteries and Supercapacitors
2.1.4 Materials Opportunities in Smart-Grid Storage
2.1.5 Terms and Definitions
2.2 Traditional Grid Storage Solutions
2.2.1 Lead Acid and Advanced Lead Acid Batteries
2.2.2 Metal Hydride Batteries
2.2.3 Sodium Sulfur Batteries
2.3 Advanced Grid Storage Solutions
2.3.1 Vanadium Redox and Other Redox Flow Battery Systems
2.3.2 Zinc Bromine and Other Hybrid Flow Battery Systems
2.3.3 Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.3.4 Liquid Metal Batteries
2.3.5 Ultrabatteries
2.3.6 Chemical Storage Materials Roadmap
2.4 Supercapacitors and the Smart Grid
2.4.1 Supercapacitors: Current Technologies and Applications
2.4.2 Supercapacitor Applications in a Smart Grid
2.4.3 Supercapacitor Materials Roadmap
2.5 Key Points in this Chapter
Chapter Three: Company Profiles
3.1 Advanced Lead-Acid Companies
3.1.1 Exide Technologies
3.1.2 EnerSys
3.1.3 C&D Technologies
3.1.4 Ultralife Batteries
3.1.5 Axion Power International
3.1.6 Varta
3.1.7 Firefly Energy
3.2 Advanced Lithium Ion Battery Companies
3.2.1 Altair Nanotechnologies
3.2.2 Ener1
3.2.3 Valence Technologies
3.2.4 The Saft Group
3.2.5 A123 Systems
3.2.6 Boston Power
3.2.7 Nexeon
3.2.8 Imara
3.2.9 Sanyo/Panasonic
3.2.10 Hitachi Maxell
3.2.11 Johnson Controls/Saft Advanced Power Solutions
3.2.12 Kyushu Electric Power and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
3.3 Sodium Sulfur Battery Companies
3.3.1 NGK insulators Ltd/Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO)
3.3.2 GeoBattery
3.4 Zinc Bromide Battery Companies
3.4.1 ZBB Energy
3.4.2 Premium Power Corp.
3.5 Vanadium Redox Based Battery Companies
3.5.1 Prudent Energy (Formerly VRB Power, Formerly, Pinnacle VRB)
3.5.2 V-Fuel Pty Ltd.
3.5.3 Sumitomo Electric Industries
3.5.4 Cellennium Limited
3.5.5 RE-Fuel Technology
3.5.6 Cellstrom GmbH
3.5.7 Deeya Energy
3.6 Others Battery Companies
3.6.1 Cobasys (Metal Hydride)
3.6.2 ReVolt (Zinc Air)
3.6.3 Liquid Metal Batteries (MIT)
3.6.4 Organic Acid Based Flow Batteries (Plurion)
3.7 Supercapacitor Companies
3.7.1 Maxwell Technologies
3.7.2 Siemens
3.7.3 EPCOS (Exited the Business in 2006) Licensed Maxwell Technology
3.7.4 NEC/Tokin
3.7.5 Panasonic/Matsushita
3.7.6 Elna/Asahi Glass
3.7.7 ESMA
3.7.8 EEStor
3.7.9 EnerG2
3.7.10 APowerCap Technologies
3.7.11 BatScap
3.7.12 Elit
3.7.13 CAP-XX
3.7.14 Nippon Chemi-Con
3.7.15 Nesscap
Chapter Four: Eight-Year Forecasts
4.1 Forecasting Methodology
4.1.1 Data Sources
4.1.2 Clean Power Mandates that Drive Demand for Grid Storage
4.1.3 Roadmap for Smart-Grid Storage
4.1.4 Some Notes on Pricing
4.2 Eight-Year Materials Forecasts: Batteries and Supercapacitors
4.2.1 Chemical Storage Technologies
4.2.2 Supercapacitor Storage Technologies
Acronyms and Abbreviations Used in this Report
About the Author
List of Exhibits
Exhibit E-1: Worldwide Revenue for Smart-Grid Batteries and Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-1: Cost Per Kilowatt Hour for Various Storage Technologies ($/kWh)
Exhibit 4-2: Worldwide Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries (MWh Storage)
Exhibit 4-3: Worldwide Market for Smart-grid Chemical Storage Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-4: Americas Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries (MWh storage)
Exhibit 4-5: Americas Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-6: European Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries (MWh storage)
Exhibit 4-7: European Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-8: Mideast/Africa Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-9: Asian Market (excluding Japan) for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries
Exhibit 4-10: Japanese Market for Smart-Grid Chemical Storage Batteries ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-11: Worldwide Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors (MW)
Exhibit 4-12: Worldwide Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-13: North American Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-14: European Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-15: Mideast/Africa Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-16: Asian Market (excluding Japan) for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
Exhibit 4-17: Japanese Market for Smart-Grid Supercapacitors ($ Millions)
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